下面提供一些常見(jiàn)的軟條款（The Soft Clause）:

a.開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人（買(mǎi)方）通知船公司、船名、裝船日期、目的港、驗(yàn)貨人等，受益人才能裝船。此條款使賣方裝船完全由買(mǎi)方控制。

b.信用證開(kāi)出后暫不生效，待進(jìn)口許可證簽發(fā)后通知生效，或待貨樣經(jīng)申請(qǐng)人確認(rèn)后生效。此類條款使出口貨物能否裝運(yùn)，完全取決于進(jìn)口商，出口商則處于被動(dòng)地位。出口商見(jiàn)信用證才能投產(chǎn)，生產(chǎn)難安排，裝期緊，出運(yùn)有困難。

c.1/3正本提單逕（直）寄開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人。買(mǎi)方可能持此單先行將貨提走。

d.記名提單，承運(yùn)人可憑收貨人合法身份證明交貨，不必提交本提單。

e.信用證到期地點(diǎn)在開(kāi)證行所在國(guó)，有效期在開(kāi)證行所在國(guó)，使賣方延誤寄單，單據(jù)寄到開(kāi)證行時(shí)已過(guò)議付有效期。

f.信用證限制運(yùn)輸船只、船齡或航線等條款。

g.含空運(yùn)提單的條款，提貨人簽字就可提貨，不需交單，貨權(quán)難以控制。有的信用證規(guī)定提單發(fā)貨人為開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人或客戶，可能被不法商人利用此特殊條款進(jìn)行無(wú)單提貨。

h.品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)須由開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人或其授權(quán)者簽發(fā)，由開(kāi)證行核實(shí)，并與開(kāi)證行印簽相符。采用買(mǎi)方國(guó)商品檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，此條款使得賣方由于采用本國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而無(wú)法達(dá)到買(mǎi)方國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使信用證失效。

i.收貨收據(jù)須由開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人簽發(fā)或核實(shí)。此條款使買(mǎi)方托延驗(yàn)貨，使信用證失效。

j.自相矛盾，即規(guī)定允許提交聯(lián)運(yùn)提單，又規(guī)定禁止轉(zhuǎn)船。

k.規(guī)定受益人不易提交的單據(jù)，如要求使用CMR運(yùn)輸單據(jù)(我國(guó)沒(méi)有參加《國(guó)際公路貨物運(yùn)輸合同公約》，所以我國(guó)的承運(yùn)人無(wú)法開(kāi)出u201cCMRu201d運(yùn)輸單據(jù)。

l.一票貨物，信用證要求就每個(gè)包裝單位分別繕制提單。

m.設(shè)置質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)障礙，偽造質(zhì)檢證書(shū)。

n.本證經(jīng)當(dāng)局（進(jìn)口國(guó)當(dāng)局）審批才生效，未生效前，不許裝運(yùn)。

o.易腐貨物要求受益人先寄一份提單，持此單可先行提貨。

p.貨款須于貨物運(yùn)抵目的地經(jīng)外匯管理局核準(zhǔn)后付款。

q.賣方議付時(shí)需提交買(mǎi)方在目的港的收貨證明。

r.產(chǎn)地證書(shū)簽發(fā)日晚于提單日期，這會(huì)被懷疑未經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)，先裝船，裝船后再檢驗(yàn)。

s.延期付款信用證下受益人交單在先，銀行付款在后，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大，應(yīng)加具保兌。

t.不接受聯(lián)合發(fā)票，進(jìn)口國(guó)家拒絕接受聯(lián)合單據(jù)。

u.信用證規(guī)定指定貨代出具聯(lián)運(yùn)提單，當(dāng)一程海運(yùn)后，二程境外改空運(yùn)，容易被收貨人不憑正本聯(lián)運(yùn)提單提貨。

v.信用證規(guī)定受益人在貨物裝運(yùn)后如不及時(shí)寄1/3提單，開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人將不寄客檢證，使受益人難以議付單據(jù)。

舉例如下：

1.The certificates of inspection would be issued and signed by authorized the applicant of L/C before shipment of cargo, which the signature will be inspected by issuing bank.

2.The goods will be shipped upon the appointing vessel by the applicant of L/C and adding a cable/telex amendment of L/C by issuing bank to advising bank, which an amendment should be negotiated accompanied with the original documents.

3.The goods will be shipped upon receipt of shipping advice issued by opener of L/C appointing the name of vessel, which will be issued by way of an amendment to this credit by the issuing bank.

4.Commercial invoice in triplicate, all duly signed and counter-signed by MR. ** and MR. *** of L/C applicant whose signatures must be in conformity with the specimen signatures held in *** bank.

5.Quality confirmation issued and signed by authorized person of applicant (whose signature must be conform with that held in your file), certifying that goods are in good condition, and stating date, value, quantity of goods and dated not later than Sept, 10, 1998.